Smart Cities – Management of Smart Urban Infrastructures Quiz Answers

Get All Weeks Smart Cities – Management of Smart Urban Infrastructures Quiz Answers

Smart Cities – Management of Smart Urban Infrastructures Week 01 Coursera Quiz Answers

Quiz 1: What did I learn in Block 1?

Q1. As seen in this MOOC, cities can be studied from different perspectives, and as different types of systems, which can be…

[expand title=View Answer] Social systems[/expand]

Q2. What are the main layers that are used to conceptualize urban systems in this block?

[expand title=View Answer]
Infrastructure layer

Economic layer

Service layer
[/expand]

Q3. What are the three key metrics used in this course to characterize the performance of urban infrastructure systems?

[expand title=View Answer]
1.Sustainability
2.Efficiency
3.Resilience
[/expand]

Q4. As seen in this block, how does the conceptualization of smart cities differ from the traditional conceptualization of urban systems?

[expand title=View Answer] By the addition of a data layer [/expand]

Q5. Which of the following components enables the development of the data layer for Smart Cities?

[expand title=View Answer] Telecommunications infrastructure [/expand]

Q6. Which of the following definitions best describes digitalization?

[expand title=View Answer] The integration of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) into most aspects of everyday life through the use of new and legacy telecommunication infrastructures and networks [/expand]

Q7. Which option best describes how digitalization is being used to improve value chains?

[expand title=View Answer] Value chains can be closely monitored by customers and managers by being mirrored in the digital layer. [/expand]

Q8. Which of the following options are not examples of digitalization?

[expand title=View Answer]
Electric vehicles

Wind turbines
[/expand]

Q9. According to this MOOC, what are the two main visions for implementing a smart city?

[expand title=View Answer]
Users as consumers: In this view, vendors lead the transition, and the smart city is built to increase profits.

Users as citizens: In this view, the public sector leads the transition, and the city is built to serve the citizens.
[/expand]

Q10. A Socio-Technical system can be defined as…

[expand title=View Answer] A system in which people and technology, including infrastructures, interact in a reciprocal relationship within an environment. [/expand]

Q11. Which of the following smart city visions relies on a technology-push approach?

[expand title=View Answer] The Vendor Vision [/expand]

Q12. One of the key disruptions caused by digitalization relates to the fact that the value chain information mirrored in the data layer can be used to improve the layer or create new services and business models that allow companies to find new ways to profit. True or false?

[expand title=View Answer]True[/expand]

Q13. Smart cities can be seen from a…

[expand title=View Answer] technological perspective [/expand]

Q14. According to this MOOC, how does digitalization affect non-scalable industries, such as the taxi industry?

[expand title=View Answer] It allows them to develop new business models on which to capitalize [/expand]

Q15. According to the lectures, which of the following statements is more accurate about the impact of digitalization on the management of cities as socio-technical systems?

[expand title=View Answer] It enables cities to cope with the high complexity and interdependency that characterize urban systems. [/expand]

Quiz 1: What did I learn in Block 2?

Q1. According to this MOOC, what are the three main drivers of the transition towards smart urban energy systems?

[expand title=View Answer]
1.Decentralized generation
2.Climate change
3.Digitalization
[/expand]

Q2. What percentage of global primary energy is consumed in cities?

[expand title=View Answer] 75% [/expand]

Q3. According to this MOOC, which key elements drive the smart urban energy transition?

[expand title=View Answer]
Alternative urban energy sources

Energy efficiency

Off and semi-off-grid operations

New storage technologies
[/expand]

Q4. According to this MOOC, which of the following actors is not involved in the operation of smart urban energy systems?

[expand title=View Answer] Electric vehicle manufacturers[/expand]

Q5. Which option best defines price signals?

[expand title=View Answer]The information given to consumers through pricing signals shifts in supply and demand [/expand]

Q6. Which of the following actors is the least involved in the management of smart urban energy systems?

[expand title=View Answer]Engineering companies active in the construction of power plants[/expand]

Q7. According to this MOOC, who are the main smart energy service customers?

[expand title=View Answer]
Commerce & industry

Households
[/expand]

Q8. Which of the following options best describes smart energy balancing?

[expand title=View Answer] The use of ICTs to optimize the balancing of supply and demand, almost in real-time [/expand]

Q9. According to this MOOC, who are the customers of demand-side management services?

[expand title=View Answer]
1.Buildings
2.Households
3.Commerce & industry
[/expand]

Q10. What are the main challenges for urban managers in the infrastructure layer?

[expand title=View Answer]
Allocating the costs of a smart urban energy system

Managing intermittency and grid stability
[/expand]

Q11. Which of the following is not one of the main smart urban energy system challenges for policymakers in the data layer?

[expand title=View Answer] Deciding whether to define data as a good or platform[/expand]

Q12. From a social perspective, what are the main challenges for policymakers

[expand title=View Answer]
1.Defining universal service obligations
2.Regulating privacy issues
[/expand]

Q13. Which of the following is a target customer for smart balancing services?

[expand title=View Answer]
Industries

Buildings

Households
[/expand]

Q14. According to this MOOC, what are the three main kinds of smart urban energy services?

[expand title=View Answer]
1.Demand side management
2.Contract enforcement
3.Smart balancing
[/expand]

Q15. Which of the following is not an example of smart and integrated energy services?

[expand title=View Answer] Using the data layer to provide services that enhance electric mobility [/expand]

Quiz 1: What did I learn in Block 3?

Q1. By the year 2050, what is the rate of urbanization expected to be worldwide?

[expand title=View Answer] 66% [/expand]

Q2. Which of the following statements is more accurate?

[expand title=View Answer] At first, cars made transportation in cities more efficient. But eventually, they became counterproductive and lowered efficiencies. [/expand]

Q3. What percentage of global CO2 emissions originate from the urban transportation sector?

[expand title=View Answer] 15 to 20% [/expand]

Q4. Digitalization is leading transportation systems to a change in paradigm characterized by a shift…

[expand title=View Answer] from car ownership to mobility users & from transportation to mobility. [/expand]

Q5. According to this MOOC, what are the two pathways of transition towards smart urban transportation systems?

[expand title=View Answer]
Improve pathway
Shift pathway
[/expand]

Q6. According to this MOOC, what are the two main trends under the improved pathway?

[expand title=View Answer]
Monitoring of urban transport infrastructures thanks to ITS

The introduction of self-driving vehicles

The development of Mobility as a Service (MaaS)
[/expand]

Q7. Which option describes Level 2 of vehicle automation, according to the U.S. Department of Transportation?

[expand title=View Answer] Conditional automation (the driving task is completed by an automated system, but it is expected that the driver will respond appropriately when needed).[/expand]

Q8. What are two new communication processes that need to be developed in order to ensure the successful introduction of automated vehicles?

[expand title=View Answer]
V2I Communication – Vehicles must be able to communicate with surrounding infrastructures.

V2V Communication – Vehicles must be able to communicate with surrounding vehicles.
[/expand]

Q9. According to this MOOC, which of the following are key challenges in the service layer for the successful introduction of automated vehicles?

[expand title=View Answer]
Social acceptance of new technologies

Accountability: in case of accidents, who will be held responsible?
[/expand]

Q10. Which of the following options are examples of mobility services that rely on sharing economy processes?

[expand title=View Answer]
E-Hailing

Car sharing

Carpooling
[/expand]

Q11. Which of the following statements regarding Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS) and Integrated Mobility Platforms (IMP) is correct?

[expand title=View Answer] MaaS relies on the idea of periodical subscription mobility packages and different service-level agreements between platform operators and mobility services providers, whereas an IMP relies on the Pay-as-you-go mechanism [/expand]

Q12. As seen in this block, which of the following is not an example of an emerging business model in the mobility sector?

[expand title=View Answer] Selling vehicles to final customer [/expand]

Q13. According to this MOOC, which of the following are smart urban mobility challenges in the infrastructure layer for policymakers?

[expand title=View Answer]
Financing the physical transportation infrastructure

Interconnecting transport modes
[/expand]

Q14. According to this MOOC, in the Smart Mobility domain, which of the following are challenges for policymakers from a political perspective?

[expand title=View Answer]
Regulating competition
Data regulation
[/expand]

Q15. According to this MOOC, in the Smart Mobility domain, which of the following are challenges for urban managers from a technological perspective?

[expand title=View Answer]
Data standards and protocols

Interconnection of modes
[/expand]

Quiz 1: What did I learn in Block 4?

Q1. What are three key factors that exist in most complex systems?

[expand title=View Answer]
1.Interdependency
2.Interdependency
3.Path dependency
[/expand]

Q2. Feedback loops are defined as…

[expand title=View Answer] processes using the outputs of a component of a system to serve as input for the same component. [/expand]

Q3. What should managers and planners avoid to ensure a successful transition towards smart cities?

[expand title=View Answer] Rigidity [/expand]

Q4. Which of these approaches is necessary to successfully transition towards smart cities, given the complex nature of cities as socio-technical systems?

[expand title=View Answer]
1.Long-term perspective
2.Holistic approach
3.Flexibility
[/expand]

Q5. Which of the following factors can be seen as a key driver of the dynamicity of a system?

[expand title=View Answer] Decisions of the actors and the relationship between them [/expand]

Q6. Which of the following options best describes the S curve?

[expand title=View Answer] A curve that shows the evolution of innovations over time. [/expand]

Q7. What are the main issues faced when adopting a crowd-sensing approach to data collection?

[expand title=View Answer] Paying attention to the redundancy and reliability of the data collected[/expand]

Q8. According to this MOOC, which of the following questions pertaining the data layer transition must be addressed by industry stakeholders?

[expand title=View Answer]
1.How will the data be priced?
2.Which data standards will be used?
3.Who will own the data?
[/expand]

Q9. According to this MOOC, which of the following questions pertaining the data layer transition must be addressed by city authorities?

[expand title=View Answer]
1.Will there be restrictions on data accessibility?
2.Who will own the data?
3.Where will the data be located?
[/expand]

Q10. What is the right sequencing of questions regarding the definition and development of the data layer, based on the lectures in this block?

[expand title=View Answer]
Data storage

Data standards

Data pricing
[/expand]

Q11. According to this MOOC, what is the main requirement to ensure proper identification and access in the data layer?

[expand title=View Answer] Technical interoperability [/expand]

Q12. According to this MOOC, what are some examples of stakeholders who could already own the data generated in smart cities?

[expand title=View Answer]
1.Owners of data-generating devices
2.Telecommunications operators
[/expand]

Q13. When referring to the necessity of a holistic approach in managing the transition in socio-technical systems, which of the below dimensions is of most importance?

[expand title=View Answer] Social [/expand]

Q14. Why is there a clash between traditional infrastructure regulation and in-development data regulation?

[expand title=View Answer] Because traditional infrastructure regulation is closely linked to the territory while data regulation does not yet have a territorial dimension.[/expand]

Q15. What is the primary advantage of AI (Artificial Intelligence) for the management of urban systems?

[expand title=View Answer] It enables permanent control loops, that is to say AI-enabled systems can automatically adapt to different situations and minimize human intervention. [/expand]

Quiz 1: What did I learn in Block 5?

Q1. According to this MOOC, what are the three main challenges in the service layer to transition towards smart cities?

[expand title=View Answer]
1.Quality
2.Service Integration
3.Universal services obligation
[/expand]

Q2. What are the indicators by which the Universal Services Obligations are measured?

[expand title=View Answer]
1.Accessibility
2.Quality
3.Affordability
[/expand]

Q3. What are the three questions raised in relation to the affordability of Universal Services Obligations?

[expand title=View Answer]
The use of social tariffs

The use of subsidies
[/expand]

Q4. Among the providers for these basic services, competition exists; however, there is a trend towards the concentration of the market shares. This leads the way to monopolies, which could significantly improve service quality. True or false?

[expand title=View Answer] False [/expand]

Q5. Which of the following statements is incorrect?

[expand title=View Answer] The digital divide does not further exacerbate liability issues.[/expand]

Q6. According to this MOOC, what are the two main alternatives for political priorities when planning a transition towards a smart city?

[expand title=View Answer]
1.The development of infrastructure
2.Smart city promotion
[/expand]

Q7. Which of the following statements best describes the digital divide?

[expand title=View Answer] A divide between the parts of the city that have already adopted smart city solutions and the parts that have not yet reached by them [/expand]

Q8. According to this MOOC, what is the key risk of setting smart city infrastructure development as a political priority?

[expand title=View Answer]When the infrastructure is in place, the smart city may not necessarily follow.[/expand]

Q9. How can we ensure that the smart city service providers are not cream-skimming the infrastructure?

[expand title=View Answer] By making them re-invest a portion of their profits in the infrastructure layer.[/expand]

Q10. According to this MOOC, from an environmental perspective, what are the transition challenges for urban managers?

[expand title=View Answer] Deciding how central the environment will be to the [/expand]

Q11. What are the three steps to roll-out the use of big data analytics in cities?

[expand title=View Answer]
1.Develop the appropriate eco-system
2.Develop an IT road-map
3.Define a smart city strategy from a business point of view
[/expand]

Q12. How are big data analytics differentiated from traditional data analytics?

[expand title=View Answer] Traditional data analytics rely on records, databases, and ERP, while big data analytics rely only on unstructured user-centered data. [/expand]

Q13. What percentage of the data gathered is not directly exploitable (considered “dark data”)?

[expand title=View Answer] 80% [/expand]

Q14. Which of the following technologies can be used to analyze “dark data”?

[expand title=View Answer]
1.Natural language processing
2. Advanced analytics
3.Cognitive computing
4.Machine learning
[/expand]

Q15. Which technological development can be considered as an efficient way to gather data from different channels?

[expand title=View Answer] Cloud solutions [/expand]

Quiz 2: Final Exam

Q1. What are the key trends that have encouraged a shift towards decentralized electricity generation?

[expand title=View Answer]
1.Renewable energy alternatives, such as solar and wind, which can be deployed on small scales
2.The improvement of storage technologies
[/expand]

Q2. From an economic perspective, what are the main challenges in smart urban energy systems for urban managers?

[expand title=View Answer]
Creating new business models

Allocating the costs of a smart urban energy system

Determining the pricing of the data
[/expand]

Q3. According to this MOOC, which of the following are smart urban mobility challenges in the service layer for urban managers?

[expand title=View Answer]
Design of congestion pricing schemes

Business model development

Addressing the digital divide
[/expand]

Q4. In the context of automated vehicles, which of the following scenarios is the most likely to occur in urban transportation systems?

[expand title=View Answer]
1.Automated vehicles will compete against public transportation systems, and offer users door-to-door services.
2.Public transportation will undoubtedly remain the backbone of urban transportation systems, and the last and first miles might be operated by automated vehicles.
[/expand]

Q5. According to this MOOC, why is it important to have flexibility when transitioning into a smart city?

[expand title=View Answer]Keeping the options open avoids the chance of lock-in into premature technologies that could fail in the future. [/expand]

Q6. According to this MOOC, what are the requirements for properly interconnecting the telecommunications infrastructures through the communications network?

[expand title=View Answer]
Technical interoperability

Standards
[/expand]

Q7. According to this MOOC, what are the five dimensions that must be considered when transitioning to smart cities?

[expand title=View Answer]
Social

Legal/Political

Technological
Environmental

Economic
[/expand]

Q8. According to this MOOC, what are the main infrastructure challenges in the smart city transition?

[expand title=View Answer]
Standards

Political priorities

Financing
[/expand]

Q9. According to this MOOC, which of the following options best describes the main consequence of digitalization?

[expand title=View Answer] Rapid development in the capacity to analyze and visualize data [/expand]

Q10. According to this MOOC, which of the following are examples of demand-side management?

[expand title=View Answer]
Using your smartphone to control the lights in your house

Giving financial incentives to reduce consumption during peak hours
[/expand]

Q11. According to this MOOC, what are some characteristics of the shift in the habits of city dwellers?

[expand title=View Answer]
1.Ability to choose from a wide range of options and receive recommendations throughout all steps of the process
2.Desire to concentrate all services and remove the burden of choice
[/expand]

Q12. Fill in the blanks:

Cities are composed of interdependent sub-systems, in which the changes in one subsystem may affect the performance of others. As such, the combination of the (1) of all subsystems results in the performance of the city. Additionally, these systems present high (2): every change or decision made in a socio-technical system is dependent on changes and decisions that were made in the past. Lastly, there is an element of (3) to these systems; the impacts of decisions made and changes introduced in the past are (4) and cannot be undone.

[expand title=View Answer]
(2) path-dependency

(3) irreversibility

(4) long-lasting
[/expand]

Q13. According to this MOOC, which of the following are examples of additional urban subsystems in which a smart city transition could also be implemented?

[expand title=View Answer]
Eco-Tourism

Water and waste

Green infrastructures

Housing
[/expand]

Q14. What are examples of technologies used to analyze “Big Data”?

[expand title=View Answer]
1.Artificial intelligence
2.Machine learning
[/expand]

Q15. Which of the following are examples of data-generating devices?

[expand title=View Answer]
Cameras

Smartphones

GPS

Sensors
[/expand]

Q16. According to this MOOC, what is the main trend enabling the transition towards a smart city?

[expand title=View Answer] Digitalization [/expand]

Q17. According to this MOOC, which industries are most affected by digitalization?

[expand title=View Answer] Information intensive industries [/expand]

Q18. Which of the following is not a prerequisite for the development and transition towards smart cities?

[expand title=View Answer]
1.Governing the urban institutions and establishing the rules of the new smart city system
2.Management and governance of the data layer
[/expand]

Q19. Which of the following best defines a prosumer?

[expand title=View Answer] An individual that both consumes and generates electricity [/expand]

Q20. What are the three kinds of data that can be generated by smart energy systems?

[expand title=View Answer]
Grid behavior

User behavior

Generator data
[/expand]

Q21. According to this MOOC, which two options best describe the different views of the smart energy data layer?

[expand title=View Answer] Integrated View: This view is held by electricity utilities that have generation data and want to provide services based on it. Under this view, data is considered a good. [/expand]

Q22. What are the three drivers of the transition towards smart mobility systems?

[expand title=View Answer]
Urbanization

Climate change

Digitalization
[/expand]

Q23. Under the improved pathway, what is the main challenge for the infrastructure layer?

[expand title=View Answer] The integration of the new data infrastructure into the legacy infrastructure[/expand]

Q24. According to this MOOC, what are examples of transportation schemes that enable the shift pathway?

[expand title=View Answer]
Integrated ticketing systems (smart cards)

Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS)

Integrated mobility platforms
[/expand]

Q25. Which of the following statements is more accurate?

[expand title=View Answer] Social and environmental innovations usually reach maturity quicker than technological innovations. [/expand]

Q26. According to this MOOC, which of the following elements of the ‘smart city’ notion is most likely to be addressed on a national or supranational level?

[expand title=View Answer] Data privacy and security [/expand]

Q27. According to this MOOC, what are the three main aspects of service integration?

[expand title=View Answer]
1.Integrating and coordinating new and old services
2.Coordinating services across systems
[/expand]

Q28. What is the main accessibility challenge for smart city services?

[expand title=View Answer] The digital divide [/expand]

Q29. What are social tariffs?

[expand title=View Answer] Tariffs that are differentiated based on a customer’s income or ability to pay.[/expand]

Q30. According to this MOOC, if cities choose to finance new smart city infrastructure through the private sector, what must they do?

[expand title=View Answer] Create the necessary conditions to make this option attractive to the private sector. [/expand]

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