Ancient Philosophy: Aristotle and His Successors Quiz with Answers

Get All Weeks Ancient Philosophy: Aristotle and His Successors Quiz with Answers

Week 01: Ancient Philosophy: Aristotle and His Successors Quiz Answers

Quiz 1: Subjects and Predicates

Q1. Aristotle founded the school known as:

• The Academy
• The Garden
• The Lyceum
• The Stoa

Q2. Ontological means:

• Concerning beings
• Concerning knowledge
• Concerning the language

Q3. In the following predication, “Barack Obama is president of the United States”, which is the subject, according to Aristotle:

• Barack Obama
• President of the United States

Q4. Which is more real, or fundamental, according to Aristotle:

• Subjects
• Predicates

Q5. In which of the following is the predicate “said of” (that is, not “in”) the subject:

• Socrates is wise.
• Felix is a cat.
• Fido is old.

Quiz 2: Substances & Subjects

Q1. Which item(s) below are subjects for other things?

• Socrates
• Human
• Red
• All of the above

Q2. Which items have a subject?

• Socrates
• Human
• Red
• All of the above

Q3. What is the distinguishing feature of a primary substance according to Aristotle?

• It is a subject of change.
• It is unchanging.
• It is eternal.

Q4. Which best captures Aristotle’s view about the relation between a subject (literally “underlying thing”) and substance (fundamental reality):

• Subjects are substances.
• Substances are subjects.
• Substances are subjects for everything else.

Q5. When Euthyphro proposes that the pious is what all the gods love, he names something (being loved by the gods) that is a property of piety, but it is not what piety is. How would you express this in the terminology of Aristotle’s Categories?

• Being loved by the gods is “in” piety, but it is not “said of” piety.
• Being loved by the gods is “said of” piety, but it is not “in” piety.

Week 02: Ancient Philosophy: Aristotle and His Successors Quiz Answers

Quiz 1: Change & Nature

Q1. What is the underlying subject (the material cause) out of which a marble statue comes to be, according to Aristotle?

• The sculptor
• The model for the statue
• The marble

Q2. Aristotle uses ‘nature’ in a very precise sense in Physics. Which best captures his notion of nature:

• The changing world
• The cosmos
• An internal principle of change.

Q3. Which of the following has a nature, according to Aristotle:

• A house
• A bed
• A plant

Quiz 1: Causes in Nature

Q1. Which is not one of Aristotle’s four causes:

• The form
• The matter
• The good
• The bad
• The maker

Q2. A final cause of x, according to Aristotle, is what x is for; it is x’s end or goal (telos). What is the final cause of an acorn, according to Aristotle:

• The oak tree from which the acorn grew
• The oak tree into which the acorn grows.
• The sun shines on the growing seedling and sapling as it grows into an oak.

Q3. If we take literally the creation story in the Timaeus and apply Aristotle’s doctrine of the four causes, which would be the efficient cause of the physical world:

• The eternal forms that the demiurge looks toward
• The demiurge
• The receptacle of being.

Q4. In Book 2 of Physics, Aristotle faces opponents who claim that the only substances are:

• Earth, air, fire, and water
• Plants and animals
• Platonic Forms

Q5. Aristotle believes that there are final causes in nature. Which best describes his position:

• It is not a coincidence that plants and animals develop parts that are good for them.
• It is a coincidence that plants and animals develop parts that are good for them.

Quiz 3: Aristotelian Souls

Q1. Which of the following things have souls, according to Aristotle:

• Plants
• Animals
• Human Beings
• All of the above

Q2. Which of the following is an activity of the soul, according to Aristotle:

• Growth
• Respiration
• Perception and thought
• All of the above

Week 03: Ancient Philosophy: Aristotle and His Successors Quiz Answers

Quiz 1: The Unmoved Mover

Q1. To move is to:

• Cause motion
• Be in motion

Q2. To be unmoved is to be:

• Uncaused
• Not in motion

Q3. To be an unmoved mover is to:

• Cause motion without being in motion
• Cause motion without being caused

Q4. Which is an example(s) of unmoved movers, according to Aristotle?

• Earth, air, fire, and water
• The soul
• The sun
• The outermost celestial sphere

Q5. The unmoved mover of the cosmos is:

• The outermost celestial sphere
• The cause of the motion of the outermost celestial sphere

Quiz 2: Aristotle’s Ethics

Q1. Which does Aristotle not think about happiness (eudaimonia)?

• Happiness is the goal of life
• Happiness is doing well
• Happiness is living well
• Happiness is a feeling of pleasure

Q2. Aristotle thinks the function (ergon) of a human being is:

• To acquire power and wealth
• To live a natural life
• To exercise reason

Q3. For Aristotle, virtue of character involves:

• The part of the soul that is capable of following reason.
• The part of the soul that we share with animals.
• Our feelings, emotions, and desires.
• All of the above

Q4. Which is not a virtue of character, for Aristotle:

• Justice
• Temperance
• Wisdom
• Courage

Q5. In Book X of the Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle contrasts the political life (the life exercising virtue of character) with the theoretical life (the life consisting in theoria – sometimes translated ‘contemplation’ or ‘study’). Which sort of life do the gods live, in his view?

• The political life
• The theoretical life
• A combination of the two lives

Week 04: Ancient Philosophy: Aristotle and His Successors Quiz Answers

Quiz 1: Gods and Death

Q1. Which of the following does Epicurus claim about the gods?

• There are no gods.
• There are gods, but the cosmos operates without any input from them.
• God is at work in every detail of the cosmos.
• God is the ultimate cause of the motion of the universe.

Q2. Why does Epicurus think we should not fear the gods?

• a. They love and forgive us.
• b. They are perfectly undisturbed.
• c. They cause only good things for us.

Q3. By “death is nothing to us”, Epicurus means:

• We will never die.
• We don’t exist when we are dead.
• Death is neither a good thing nor a bad thing to us.

Q4. Which is not a premise in Epicurus’ argument that death is nothing to be feared:

• We can postpone death if we live simply.
• We don’t exist after we die.
• Nothing bad can happen to you if you don’t exist.

Quiz 2: Pleasure and Pain

Q1. What does Epicurus teach about fine food and drink:

• We should try to get as much of them as possible.
• We should avoid them and stick to simple food instead.
• We should enjoy them when the occasion arises, but be content with simple food when that is all that is available.

Q2. Which is the greatest pleasure, according to Epicurus:

• The pleasure of eating, drinking, and sex.
• The pleasure of doing philosophy.
• The experience of freedom from pain.

Q3. Which of the following are true of Epicurean ataraxia:

• It is freedom from pain distress
• It is the experience of the gods
• It is what our happiness consists in.
• All of the above

Q4. Epicurus is reported to have said: ““if you wish to make Pythocles wealthy, do not give him more money; rather, reduce his desires.” This means:

• Epicureans should not be wealthy.
• Money is not the way to satisfy our desires.
• True wealth is the ability to satisfy your desires.

Q5. Which would count as a “natural and necessary desire” according to Epicurus (that is, a desire of the sort we should have):

• A desire for a bowl of rice
• A desire for organic food
• A desire for some kind of food

Q6. Why does Epicurus think the prospect of painful illness or injury is nothing to fear?

• If we live by Epicurean principles, we are unlikely to become ill or injured.
• There is nothing wrong with bodily pain.
• We can endure it by managing the mental component of our pain.

Week 05: Ancient Philosophy: Aristotle and His Successors Quiz Answers

Quiz 1: Stoic Natural Philosophy and Ethics

Q1. Who was not a Stoic?

• Cicero
• Seneca
• Zeno of Citium
• Chrysippus

Q2. Which of the following is a Stoic thesis:

• There are infinitely many worlds that exist at the same time.
• The universe will end in a conflagration, and then start all over again, exactly as it did before.
• The universe is “an ever-living fire, kindled in measures and extinguished in measures”.

Q3. Which of the following is a manifestation of God in the natural world, according to the Stoics:

• God is the force that holds bodies together.
• God is the force that makes plants grow.
• God is the force that makes animals pursue their food.
• God is the reason that is manifest in human souls.
• All of the above

Q4. When the Stoics claim that the goal of life is to “live in agreement with nature” they mean:

• We should avoid artificial products and processed foods.
• We should live according to reason.
• We should limit our desires to natural and necessary objectives.

Q5. To have the “art of living” is to:

• Be virtuous
• Always know what is the right thing (kathēkon) to do
• Use reason as the “craftsman of impulse”
• All of the above

Q6. Which captures the Stoic interpretation of the archer analogy:

• Our goal in life is to aim properly at the target.
• Our goal in life is to aim properly at the target and to hit it.
• Our goal if life is to hit the target.

Q7. What is the smooth flow of life (eurhoia biou) advocated by the Stoics?

• We easily accomplish everything we set out to do in life.
• We don’t try to influence the course of events.
• We are not upset or distressed, no matter whether our plans and projects succeed or fail.
• All of the above

Quiz 2: Fate and Human Action

Q1. Which captures the Stoic thesis of fate:

• There is nothing we can do to influence the course of events.
• Everything that happens is a result of antecedent causes.
• Our actions are not up to us, since they are due to antecedent causes.
• All of the above

Q2. How does Chrysippus invoke the cylinder and the cone to explain how our actions can be up to us, even if they have antecedent causes?

• If you push a cone, it does not always roll in a straight line; sometimes it swerves off its path.
• A cylinder or cone has no choice about whether to roll when you push it, but we can decide what to do in the face of external influences.
• The same push has different effects on the cylinder and the cone; and the same antecedent cause has different effects on different kinds of people.

Q3. Chrysippus invokes the difference between antecedent causes that are “perfect and principal” and those that are “auxiliary and proximate.” How does this distinction apply to the example of the cone and cylinder?

• The push that gets the cylinder rolling is an auxiliary and proximate cause of the cylinder’s motion.
• The push that gets the cylinder rolling is the perfect and principal cause of the cylinder’s motion.

Q4. What conclusion(s) does Chrysippus draws about fate and human action?

• Our fated actions are up to us as long as their antecedent causes are auxiliary and proximate.
• Our fated actions are not up to us as long as their antecedent causes are perfect and principal.
• The thesis of fate does not entail that our actions have perfect and principal antecedent causes.
• All of the above

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